Beyond the Point Particle - A Wave Structure For the  Electron
This article describes the wave structure of the electron in detail.
Reprinted from: Galilean Electrodynamics 6   No. 5, October 1995, pages 83-91    (updated 15 May 1998)

Abstract.  The dual particle/wave nature of the electron has long been a paradox in physics.  It is now seen that  the electron consists entirely of a structure of spherical waves whose behavior creates their particle-like appearance.  The correctness of this structure is supported by the physical laws which originate from this wave structure, including quantum theory, special relativity, electric force, gravity, and magnetism.  This type of structure is termed a Space Resonance.

The Origin of Instantaneous Action  in Natural Laws
 (March 15, 1999).  The origin and cause of the strange events termed  'instantaneous action' are explained.  Causality is not violated.  The  mysterious events were created by an incomplete knowledge of the Wave Structure of Matter.

Abstract.  In the last millennium we learned that objects obey fixed laws of nature.  Until the last decade, these laws have been entirely empirical; that is, the laws were measured properties of nature, no theoretical or physical origin was known.  These measurements indicated that the movement of energy and information, which are needed to carry out the laws, travel consistently at the speed of light.  This motion satisfied our rule of causality; that is:  Events always occur after their causes.
However, some events have annoyingly seemed to violate the rule of causality.  Certain forces and events seem to be transmitted instantaneously.  These events are the transmission of energy and information which are related to the gravitational force, the magnetic force, inertial force, and  relatively new phenomena termed "The EPR Effect " (Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen) and the Mossbauer Effect.
It is the purpose of this article to explain the origin and cause of the strange instantaneous events associated with these laws.  We will show that causality is not actually being violated.  Instead, the strange events are merely appearances, "shaumkamm"  in the words of Irwin Schroedinger.  They were created by our former incomplete knowledge of the Wave Structure of Matter and of the energy exchange mechanism of quantum wave structures.  All communication is actually at velocity c.
In order to understand this it is first necessary to review the origin of the natural laws and the newly developed Wave Structure of Matter, because the cause of these events lies in this wave structure and the medium of the waves.Without this preliminary review, instantaneous action cannot be explained.   The Wave Structure of Matter is an exciting frontier of science which reveals the connectedness of all matter in the universe.  It provides new understanding of quantum events and unravels many puzzles, including that of instantaneous action

The World of Hans Tetrode and EPR explained: Matter Waves and Buddhist Thought
(July  30, 1998)  A detailed look at the structure of the electron's matter waves  reveals that in 1922 Hans Tetrode was the first to anticipate the EPR "entangled  quantum states" effect. Understanding quantum puzzles suggests a new aspect of the  meaning of God, such as the Buddhist philosophy of  connectedness of the Universe

Introduction.   The advent of the quantum theory in the years 1920-1930 brought with it the possibility of understanding the origin of consciousness. During the last decade, research on the mysterious Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) effect and "tangled quantum states" has created an added appeal that there may be a connection between consciousness and 'tangled state' quantum phenomena. This could be true. There is a phrase often spoken in hindsight after a new scientific advance, "Nature did it first!" This fact of nature suggests that the human brain during evolution, could have made use of this unique and mysterious means of communication.  Now, physics research of the last five years has gone a step further and delineated the origin of quantum waves and the EPR effect (Wolff,1990-1998). They are no longer mysterious but a consequence of the matter wave structure of charged particles, particularly the electron-positron. This reality of communication in Nature, which we cannot directly sense, has implications for religious and philosophical thought.
      Buddhist thought is tremendously rich in the arena of human consciousness and its connectedness with nature. Notions of the interconnectedness of all phenomenon occur in many spiritual contexts. For example, there is thedoctrine that all living creatures in the world have an inner or psychological being. This is is based on the idea that there is one fundamental, universal substance of life. Spinoza also taught that spiritual phenomena are attributes ofone underlying substance.
       Although many mathematicians and scientists, including Schroedinger, deBroglie, and Einstein, have advocated a wave structure of matter, one of the more interesting was Hans Tetrode who made a prediction that upstages the EPR effect. I will tell his story and in the process describe the new Matter Wave Structure of Particles. Then it is up to the professional neuro-psychologists to make further connections with consciousness.

The Eight fold Way of the Universe
An amazingly simple way to deduce the character of a matter particle is to ask,  "What must be the properties of two particles which interact with each other?    How can they communicate their properties to each other?"  This theme was  developed in a lecture, Exploring the Universe and the Origin of its Laws, at  Stanford University on February 15, 1997.  It was subsequently printed in the Temple  University journal,  Frontier Perspectives, 6, No.2,p44-56,  1997. A similar article describes how a logical person can deduce many of the basic  properties of particles and their relationship to cosmology (structure of the universe).    It is entitled, TheEight fold Way of the Universe and was published in the  Physics Journal Apeiron, October 1997. 

Origin of Feynman's Rules for the Electron.  
Richard Feynman was a mathematical physicist at Cal-Tech in Pasadena, California who wrote several books on the interactions of charged particles. He invented a clever way of simply drawing all the different possible ways that photons and particles, especially electrons, can interact. He made rules to interpret "Feynman diagrams"  . The diagrams were purely theoretical since at the time Feynman had no physical model of the electron. But they agreed with lab measurements and calculations of the interactions. So we knew that they were correct even though we didn't know "why".  Now the wave structure of the electron, a physical model, shows us what actually happens to the electrons. It agrees with Feynman's rules..